Cefuroxime — what it is and how to use it safely

Cefuroxime is a commonly used antibiotic that treats many bacterial infections: sinus and ear infections, bronchitis, some skin infections, urinary tract infections, and sometimes early Lyme disease. You’ll see it as an oral tablet (cefuroxime axetil, brand name Ceftin in some countries) or a liquid for IV/IM use in hospitals. It’s prescribed by a doctor — don’t start it on your own.

How to take cefuroxime

If you get the oral form, take it exactly as your doctor tells you. Most adults take it twice a day. Taking the tablet with food improves how well your body absorbs it, so try to take it with a meal or snack. Don’t crush or split extended-release forms unless the label allows it.

Missed a dose? Take it as soon as you remember unless the next dose is almost due. Don’t double up. Finish the full course even if you feel better — stopping early can let the infection return or become resistant.

Common side effects and when to call a doctor

Stomach upset, diarrhea, and mild rash are the most common side effects. If you get watery or bloody diarrhea, severe belly pain, a high fever, hives, breathing trouble, swelling of the face or throat, or a fast heartbeat, call your doctor or go to the emergency room — those can be signs of a serious reaction or C. difficile infection.

Allergy note: if you’ve had a severe reaction to penicillins or other beta-lactam antibiotics, tell your prescriber. Cross-reactions can occur, though many people with mild penicillin allergies tolerate cefuroxime. Your doctor can advise testing or alternatives if needed.

Drug interactions to watch for: cefuroxime can increase effects of blood thinners like warfarin, so your doctor may need to check your INR more often. Probenecid can raise cefuroxime levels. Always mention all medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements you take.

Kidney dose adjustments: people with reduced kidney function may need lower doses or longer intervals. That’s why doctors ask about kidney disease and sometimes check blood tests before or during treatment.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: cefuroxime is commonly used in pregnancy when needed, but only under medical advice. It also appears in breast milk at low levels; discuss risks and benefits with your clinician.

Storage and safety: keep tablets in their original container at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Store liquid forms according to the label — some need refrigeration after opening. Don’t share antibiotics and dispose of unused medicine safely.

Practical tips: keep a checklist of doses, set phone reminders, and write down side effects to report at follow-up. If your symptoms haven’t improved within 48–72 hours, or if they get worse, contact your provider — infections sometimes need a different antibiotic or further testing.

Cefuroxime is a useful antibiotic when used correctly. Trust your prescriber, follow instructions, and speak up if anything unexpected happens.